What strategies can be employed to optimize array manipulation in PHP code?

When manipulating arrays in PHP, it's important to optimize the code for performance and efficiency. One strategy is to minimize unnecessary loops or iterations by using built-in array functions like array_map, array_filter, and array_reduce. Additionally, using associative arrays instead of multidimensional arrays can simplify data access and manipulation.

// Example of optimizing array manipulation in PHP

// Using array_map to perform a transformation on each element of an array
$numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
$multipliedNumbers = array_map(function($num) {
    return $num * 2;
}, $numbers);

// Using array_filter to remove elements that don't meet a certain condition
$names = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie', 'David'];
$filteredNames = array_filter($names, function($name) {
    return strlen($name) > 4;
});

// Using associative arrays for easier data access
$user = [
    'name' => 'John Doe',
    'age' => 30,
    'email' => 'john.doe@example.com'
];
echo $user['name']; // Output: John Doe