What steps can PHP developers take to troubleshoot and resolve issues with incorrect character encoding in email messages?

When encountering issues with incorrect character encoding in email messages, PHP developers can ensure that the email content is properly encoded using UTF-8. This can be achieved by setting the appropriate headers and using the mb_send_mail function to send the email.

// Set the email headers to specify UTF-8 encoding
$headers = 'Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8' . "\r\n";
$headers .= 'Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit' . "\r\n";

// Encode the email content using UTF-8
$email_content = mb_convert_encoding($email_content, 'UTF-8');

// Send the email using mb_send_mail
mb_send_mail($to, $subject, $email_content, $headers);