What steps can be taken to troubleshoot and resolve issues with MySQL queries not returning expected results in PHP?

Issue: If MySQL queries in PHP are not returning the expected results, it could be due to errors in the query syntax, connection issues, or incorrect data manipulation. To troubleshoot and resolve this issue, check the query syntax for errors, ensure the database connection is established correctly, and verify that the data manipulation is accurate.

<?php
// Establish a connection to the MySQL database
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "database";
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

// Execute a sample query
$sql = "SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name = 'value'";
$result = $conn->query($sql);

if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
    // Output data of each row
    while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
        echo "Column Name: " . $row["column_name"]. "<br>";
    }
} else {
    echo "0 results";
}

// Close the connection
$conn->close();
?>