What steps can be taken to troubleshoot and debug issues with shell_exec not executing a script or command as expected?

If shell_exec is not executing a script or command as expected, first check the permissions of the script or command being executed. Make sure the script or command is executable and has the correct permissions set. Additionally, check for any errors or return values from shell_exec to see if there are any issues with the command itself. Finally, consider using the full path to the script or command to ensure it is being executed correctly. 

$command = '/path/to/script.sh';
$output = shell_exec($command);
if ($output === null) {
    echo "Error executing command: $command";
} else {
    echo "Command output: $output";
}

Keywords

shell_exec debugging troubleshooting script execution command execution

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