What steps can be taken to troubleshoot and resolve encoding discrepancies in PHP files after an AJAX call?

When encoding discrepancies occur in PHP files after an AJAX call, it is important to ensure that the encoding is consistent between the client-side and server-side scripts. One common solution is to set the encoding header in the PHP file to UTF-8 using the header() function. Additionally, you can use the mb_convert_encoding() function to convert the data to the desired encoding before processing it in the PHP file.

// Set the encoding header to UTF-8
header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8');

// Convert the data to UTF-8 encoding
$data = mb_convert_encoding($_POST['data'], 'UTF-8');

// Process the data
// Your code here...