What potential pitfalls should PHP newbies be aware of when implementing form validation and data checking processes?

One potential pitfall for PHP newbies when implementing form validation and data checking processes is not properly sanitizing user input, which can lead to security vulnerabilities such as SQL injection attacks. To prevent this, always use functions like `htmlspecialchars()` or `mysqli_real_escape_string()` to sanitize user input before using it in database queries.

// Sanitize user input using htmlspecialchars()
$username = htmlspecialchars($_POST['username']);
$email = htmlspecialchars($_POST['email']);
```

```php
// Sanitize user input using mysqli_real_escape_string()
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
$username = $conn->real_escape_string($_POST['username']);
$email = $conn->real_escape_string($_POST['email']);