What potential pitfalls should beginners be aware of when creating PHP modules?

Beginners should be aware of potential pitfalls such as naming conflicts with existing functions or classes, lack of proper error handling, and security vulnerabilities like SQL injection. To avoid these issues, beginners should carefully choose unique names for their functions and classes, implement error handling to catch and handle any unexpected issues, and use prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks.

// Example of using prepared statements to prevent SQL injection
$stmt = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = :username');
$stmt->bindParam(':username', $username);
$stmt->execute();