What potential pitfalls should be aware of when using nested sets in PHP for organizing data in a tree structure?

One potential pitfall when using nested sets in PHP for organizing data in a tree structure is the complexity of updating the tree when nodes are inserted, deleted, or moved. To avoid this issue, you can use a recursive function to update the left and right values of nodes accordingly. Additionally, make sure to handle edge cases such as when nodes are inserted as the first child or last child of a parent node.

function updateNestedSets($parent_id, $left_value, $right_value, $change) {
    // Update left and right values of nodes
    $sql = "UPDATE tree_table SET left_value = left_value + $change WHERE left_value >= $left_value AND parent_id = $parent_id";
    $conn->query($sql);
    
    $sql = "UPDATE tree_table SET right_value = right_value + $change WHERE right_value >= $right_value AND parent_id = $parent_id";
    $conn->query($sql);
}

// Example usage
updateNestedSets($parent_id, $left_value, $right_value, $change);