What potential pitfalls are associated with using serialized data in a relational database in PHP?

One potential pitfall of using serialized data in a relational database in PHP is that it can make querying and manipulating the data more difficult. This is because serialized data is not easily searchable or sortable within a database. To avoid this issue, consider storing the data in a normalized format by creating separate columns for each piece of serialized data.

// Example of storing serialized data in a normalized format
$data = ['key1' => 'value1', 'key2' => 'value2'];
$serializedData = serialize($data);

// Store serialized data in separate columns
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2) VALUES (:column1, :column2)");
$stmt->bindParam(':column1', $data['key1']);
$stmt->bindParam(':column2', $data['key2']);
$stmt->execute();