What potential issues can arise when decoding and encoding JSON in PHP?

One potential issue that can arise when decoding and encoding JSON in PHP is that the JSON data may contain special characters that need to be properly escaped or encoded. To solve this issue, you can use the `json_encode()` function with the `JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE` flag to ensure that Unicode characters are not escaped.

// Encode JSON data with JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE flag
$jsonData = json_encode($data, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE);