What potential issues can arise when using PHP to display content from a database with UTF-8 encoding?

Potential issues that can arise when using PHP to display content from a database with UTF-8 encoding include garbled or incorrectly displayed characters due to mismatched character sets between the database and the PHP script. To solve this issue, ensure that the database connection, table, and columns are all set to use UTF-8 encoding, and also set the character set in the PHP script to UTF-8 before retrieving and displaying the data. 

// Set UTF-8 encoding for database connection
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=my_database;charset=utf8', 'username', 'password');

// Set UTF-8 encoding for the PHP script
header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8');

// Retrieve data from the database and display it
$stmt = $pdo->query('SELECT * FROM my_table');
while ($row = $stmt->fetch()) {
    echo $row['column_name'];
}

Keywords

UTF-8 encoding database PHP character encoding SQL injection

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