What PHP function is being used to retrieve the category information in the code provided by the user?

The issue is that the user needs to retrieve the category information in their PHP code. To do this, they can use the `get_the_category()` function in WordPress, which retrieves the categories of a post. This function returns an array of category objects, which can then be used to display the category information.

$categories = get_the_category();
foreach ($categories as $category) {
    echo '<a href="' . esc_url(get_category_link($category->term_id)) . '">' . $category->name . '</a>';
}