What is type juggling in PHP and how does it affect variable conversion?

Type juggling in PHP refers to the automatic conversion of variables from one data type to another based on the context in which they are used. This can sometimes lead to unexpected results if not handled carefully, as PHP may convert variables in ways that are not intended. To avoid issues with type juggling, it is important to explicitly cast variables to the desired data type when needed.

// Explicitly cast variable to the desired data type to avoid type juggling
$number = "10";
$sum = (int) $number + 5;

echo $sum; // Outputs 15