What is the significance of the PHP week starting on Sunday and how does it affect date calculations?

In PHP, the significance of the week starting on Sunday is that it follows the ISO-8601 standard, where the week starts on a Monday. This can affect date calculations when using functions like `date()` or `strtotime()` as they may not align with expectations. To adjust for this, you can use the `W` format character in the `date()` function to get the ISO-8601 week number.

// Adjusting for ISO-8601 week starting on Monday
$date = date('Y-m-d', strtotime('this week'));
echo date('W', strtotime($date)); // Outputs the ISO-8601 week number