What is the open_basedir restriction in PHP and how does it affect file operations?

The open_basedir restriction in PHP limits the directories from which PHP scripts can access files. This restriction is set in the php.ini file and is used as a security measure to prevent scripts from accessing unauthorized files on the server. To work around this restriction, you can modify the open_basedir directive in the php.ini file to include the directories that your script needs to access.

// Set the open_basedir directive in PHP to allow access to specific directories
ini_set('open_basedir', '/path/to/allowed/directory:/another/allowed/directory');