What client-side technologies can be used in conjunction with PHP to achieve the desired file upload functionality?

To achieve file upload functionality using PHP, you can use HTML forms along with client-side technologies such as JavaScript and AJAX. JavaScript can be used to validate file types and sizes before submitting the form, providing a better user experience. AJAX can be used to asynchronously submit the form data to the PHP backend, allowing for a smoother file upload process without requiring a full page refresh.

<form id="uploadForm" action="upload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="file" name="file">
    <input type="submit" value="Upload File">
</form>

<script>
    document.getElementById('uploadForm').addEventListener('submit', function(e) {
        e.preventDefault();
        
        var formData = new FormData(this);
        
        // AJAX request to submit form data
        var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
        xhr.open('POST', 'upload.php', true);
        xhr.onload = function() {
            if (xhr.status == 200) {
                alert('File uploaded successfully!');
            } else {
                alert('Error uploading file. Please try again.');
            }
        };
        xhr.send(formData);
    });
</script>