What are the steps to properly decode and manipulate an array stored as a string in a MySQL database using PHP, ensuring accurate data retrieval and manipulation?

When storing an array as a string in a MySQL database, it's important to properly encode and decode the data to ensure accurate retrieval and manipulation. One common method is to use JSON encoding to serialize the array before storing it, and then decode it back into an array when retrieving it.

// Assume $db is your database connection
// Assume $dataString is the string retrieved from the database

// Decode the string back into an array
$dataArray = json_decode($dataString, true);

// Manipulate the array as needed
$dataArray['key'] = 'new value';

// Encode the array back into a string before updating the database
$newDataString = json_encode($dataArray);

// Update the database with the new string
$query = "UPDATE your_table SET your_column = '$newDataString' WHERE id = your_id";
$result = $db->query($query);

// Make sure to handle any errors or exceptions that may occur