What are the potential risks of leaving code vulnerable to hacking when using preg_replace in PHP?

Leaving code vulnerable to hacking when using preg_replace in PHP can lead to potential security breaches such as code injection attacks. To mitigate this risk, it is important to properly sanitize and validate user input before using preg_replace to prevent malicious code from being executed.

// Sanitize and validate user input before using preg_replace
$user_input = $_POST['user_input']; // Assuming user input is coming from a form submission

// Sanitize user input using filter_var
$sanitized_input = filter_var($user_input, FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING);

// Validate user input to ensure it meets specific criteria
if (strlen($sanitized_input) > 0) {
    // Proceed with using preg_replace on sanitized input
    $filtered_input = preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9\s]/', '', $sanitized_input);
} else {
    // Handle invalid input or display an error message
    echo "Invalid input provided.";
}