What are the potential pitfalls of using PHP for web development and how can they be avoided?

One potential pitfall of using PHP for web development is the risk of SQL injection attacks if user input is not properly sanitized. This can be avoided by using prepared statements with parameterized queries to securely interact with the database.

// Avoiding SQL injection with prepared statements
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = :username");
$stmt->bindParam(':username', $username);
$stmt->execute();