What are the potential pitfalls of mixing mysqli and mysql functions in PHP code, and how can this affect the functionality of a login system?

Mixing mysqli and mysql functions in PHP code can lead to compatibility issues and errors since they are two different database extensions. This can affect the functionality of a login system by causing unexpected behavior or even security vulnerabilities. To resolve this issue, it's important to stick to one database extension (preferably mysqli) consistently throughout the code.

// Example of using only mysqli functions for a login system

// Connect to the database using mysqli
$mysqli = new mysqli("localhost", "username", "password", "database");

// Check connection
if ($mysqli->connect_error) {
    die("Connection failed: " . $mysqli->connect_error);
}

// Use mysqli functions for querying the database
$stmt = $mysqli->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ?");
$stmt->bind_param("s", $username);
$stmt->execute();
$result = $stmt->get_result();

// Process the login data
if ($result->num_rows == 1) {
    // User found, validate password
    $row = $result->fetch_assoc();
    if (password_verify($password, $row['password'])) {
        // Login successful
    } else {
        // Invalid password
    }
} else {
    // User not found
}

// Close the connection
$mysqli->close();