What are the potential pitfalls of using nested sets for organizing data in PHP?

One potential pitfall of using nested sets for organizing data in PHP is the complexity of managing the tree structure, especially when inserting, updating, or deleting nodes. This can lead to performance issues and difficulties in maintaining data integrity. To mitigate these challenges, it is important to carefully plan and optimize the algorithms used for tree manipulation.

// Example of using nested sets with caution and optimization
// Implementing a function to insert a new node in a nested set tree

function insertNode($parentId, $leftValue, $rightValue) {
    // Perform necessary validations and calculations before inserting the node
    // Update the left and right values of existing nodes accordingly
    // Insert the new node with the calculated left and right values
}