What are the potential errors that can occur when using the ORDER BY and LIMIT clauses in PHP SQL queries?

When using the ORDER BY and LIMIT clauses in PHP SQL queries, potential errors can occur if the column specified in the ORDER BY clause does not exist in the table, or if the LIMIT value is out of range (e.g., negative or zero). To avoid these errors, always ensure that the column specified in the ORDER BY clause exists in the table and validate the LIMIT value to prevent out-of-range errors.

// Example PHP code snippet to use ORDER BY and LIMIT with error handling
$order_by_column = 'column_name';
$limit = 10;

// Validate the ORDER BY column
$valid_columns = ['column_name1', 'column_name2', 'column_name3'];
if (!in_array($order_by_column, $valid_columns)) {
    echo "Error: Invalid column specified in ORDER BY clause";
} else {
    // Execute the SQL query with ORDER BY and LIMIT
    $sql = "SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BY $order_by_column LIMIT $limit";
    // Execute the query and handle the results
}