What are the pitfalls of using static methods in PHP for installation routines and how can they impact flexibility and maintainability?

Using static methods in PHP for installation routines can make the code less flexible and harder to maintain because static methods are tightly coupled to the class they belong to, making them difficult to extend or replace. To improve flexibility and maintainability, consider using dependency injection to pass the required dependencies to the installation routines instead of relying on static methods.

class Installer {
    private $dependency;

    public function __construct(Dependency $dependency) {
        $this->dependency = $dependency;
    }

    public function install() {
        // Installation routine using $this->dependency
    }
}

// Usage
$dependency = new Dependency();
$installer = new Installer($dependency);
$installer->install();