What are the implications of using empty() to check for empty form inputs, and how can this be improved to handle whitespace characters effectively?

Using empty() to check for empty form inputs can be problematic because it will also consider inputs containing only whitespace characters as empty. To handle whitespace characters effectively, you can trim the input before checking if it is empty. This will ensure that inputs with only whitespace characters are not considered empty.

// Check if form input is empty or contains only whitespace characters
if (empty(trim($_POST['input_name']))) {
    // Handle empty or whitespace input
} else {
    // Process the input
}