What are the differences in syntax and functionality between MySQL and PostgreSQL database queries in PHP?

When working with MySQL and PostgreSQL databases in PHP, there are some syntax and functionality differences in the queries that need to be addressed. One key difference is the way each database handles data types and functions, which can impact the query syntax and behavior. It is important to be mindful of these distinctions when writing queries to ensure compatibility and optimal performance across both database systems.

// MySQL query example
$query = "SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name = 'value'";
$result = mysqli_query($connection, $query);

// PostgreSQL query example
$query = "SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name = 'value'";
$result = pg_query($connection, $query);