What are the common mistakes made by PHP newcomers when working with arrays and file handling functions?

Common mistakes made by PHP newcomers when working with arrays include not properly initializing arrays before use, not using the correct syntax for array functions, and not properly handling multidimensional arrays. When it comes to file handling functions, common mistakes include not checking for errors when opening or writing to files, not closing files after use, and not handling file permissions correctly.

// Incorrect way to initialize an array
$incorrectArray = [];

// Correct way to initialize an array
$correctArray = array();

// Incorrect way to read a file
$incorrectFile = fopen("example.txt", "r");

// Correct way to read a file
$correctFile = fopen("example.txt", "r") or die("Unable to open file!");