What are the best practices for handling empty query results in PHP when using PDO?

When handling empty query results in PHP using PDO, it is essential to check if the result set is empty before trying to access its data. One common approach is to use the `rowCount()` method to determine if any rows were returned by the query. If no rows are found, you can handle this situation by displaying a message to the user or taking appropriate action in your application logic. 

// Execute the query
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = :id");
$stmt->execute(['id' => $userId]);

// Check if any rows were returned
if ($stmt->rowCount() > 0) {
    // Fetch the data and process it
    $user = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    // Do something with the user data
} else {
    // Handle the case when no rows are found
    echo "No user found with that ID.";
}

Keywords

PDO PHP empty query results exception handling error handling

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