What are the best practices for setting permissions in PHP scripts to ensure security?

Setting proper file permissions in PHP scripts is crucial for ensuring security. It is recommended to only give necessary permissions to files and directories, such as read, write, and execute permissions, based on the principle of least privilege. Additionally, avoid giving global permissions to files and directories to prevent unauthorized access.

// Set file permissions to 0644 for files and 0755 for directories
chmod("example.php", 0644);
chmod("uploads/", 0755);