What are the best practices for handling tiebreakers in ranking algorithms when using PHP and MySQL?

When handling tiebreakers in ranking algorithms using PHP and MySQL, one common approach is to assign a secondary criterion to break ties, such as a timestamp or unique identifier. This secondary criterion can be used to further differentiate between items with the same primary ranking value.

// Assuming $query contains the MySQL query to fetch ranked items
// and $result contains the fetched data

$rank = 1;
$prev_value = null;
$prev_secondary_value = null;

foreach ($result as $row) {
    if ($row['primary_value'] != $prev_value || $row['secondary_value'] != $prev_secondary_value) {
        $rank++;
    }

    $prev_value = $row['primary_value'];
    $prev_secondary_value = $row['secondary_value'];

    // Output or process ranked item with $rank
}