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Issue: I am having trouble understanding how to properly sanitize user input in PHP to prevent SQL injection attacks. Code snippet: 

```php
// Issue: Sanitizing user input to prevent SQL injection attacks
// Solution: Use prepared statements with PDO to safely handle user input

// Establish database connection
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "database";

try {
    $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
    $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

    // Prepare SQL statement with placeholders
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = :username");

    // Bind parameters and execute query
    $username = $_POST['username'];
    $stmt->bindParam(':username', $username);
    $stmt->execute();

    // Fetch results
    $result = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    print_r($result);

} catch(PDOException $e) {
    echo "Error: " . $e->getMessage();
}
```

Remember to replace "username", "password", and "database" with your actual database credentials. This code snippet demonstrates the use of prepared statements with PDO to safely handle user input and prevent SQL injection attacks.

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