What are the best practices for handling and filling empty spaces in PHP arrays when iterating over them?

When iterating over PHP arrays, it's important to handle empty spaces or missing keys to avoid errors or unexpected behavior. One common approach is to use the `isset()` function to check if a key exists before accessing it. If the key doesn't exist, you can assign a default value to fill the empty space. 

// Example of handling and filling empty spaces in PHP arrays when iterating over them
$array = [1, 2, 3, , 5]; // array with an empty space
$default_value = 0;

foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
    if (!isset($value)) {
        $array[$key] = $default_value;
    }
}

print_r($array); // Output: Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 0 [4] => 5 )

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