What are the best practices for handling complex database operations like updating values in a table using PHP?

When handling complex database operations like updating values in a table using PHP, it is important to use prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks and to ensure data integrity. Additionally, it is recommended to use transactions to maintain the atomicity of the operation, meaning either all changes are committed or none are. Lastly, proper error handling should be implemented to catch any exceptions that may occur during the operation. 

<?php
// Establish database connection
$pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=mydatabase", "username", "password");

// Begin transaction
$pdo->beginTransaction();

try {
    // Prepare update statement
    $stmt = $pdo->prepare("UPDATE mytable SET column1 = :value1 WHERE id = :id");

    // Bind parameters
    $stmt->bindParam(':value1', $value1);
    $stmt->bindParam(':id', $id);

    // Execute the statement
    $value1 = "new value";
    $id = 1;
    $stmt->execute();

    // Commit the transaction
    $pdo->commit();

    echo "Update successful!";
} catch (PDOException $e) {
    // Rollback the transaction on error
    $pdo->rollBack();
    echo "Error: " . $e->getMessage();
}
?>

Keywords

SQL queries PDO prepared statements transactions error handling

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