What are the best practices for handling cookies in PHP to ensure security and privacy of user data?

When handling cookies in PHP, it is important to ensure the security and privacy of user data by properly setting parameters such as the expiration time, domain, and secure flag. Additionally, sensitive information should not be stored directly in cookies, but rather in a secure server-side location.

// Set a cookie with secure and HttpOnly flags
setcookie('user_id', $user_id, time() + 3600, '/', 'example.com', true, true);