What are the best debugging practices in PHP to identify and resolve issues efficiently?

To efficiently debug PHP code, it is essential to use tools like error reporting, logging, and debugging extensions. Additionally, utilizing var_dump(), print_r(), and echo statements can help identify the root cause of the issue. It is also beneficial to break down the code into smaller parts and test each part individually to isolate the problem.

// Enable error reporting to display errors
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 1);

// Log errors to a file for further analysis
ini_set('error_log', 'error.log');

// Use var_dump() to print out variable values
var_dump($variable);

// Use print_r() to display structured information about variables
print_r($array);

// Utilize echo statements to output specific messages for debugging
echo "Debug message";