What are the benefits of database normalization and how can it help avoid issues with field naming conventions in PHP?

Database normalization helps avoid issues with field naming conventions by organizing data in a structured way, reducing redundancy, and ensuring data integrity. By following normalization rules, field names are standardized across tables, making it easier to query and manipulate data consistently in PHP.

// Example of creating a normalized database table in PHP
CREATE TABLE users (
    user_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
    username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    email VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE orders (
    order_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
    user_id INT,
    order_date DATE,
    total_amount DECIMAL(10,2),
    FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(user_id)
);