What are the advantages and disadvantages of serving files via HTTP(S) compared to using the file:// protocol in PHP applications?

Serving files via HTTP(S) in PHP applications allows for better security, as HTTPS encrypts data transmission. It also enables better scalability and accessibility, as files can be accessed from anywhere with an internet connection. However, serving files via HTTP(S) may introduce additional latency compared to using the file:// protocol, which directly accesses files on the local filesystem.

// Example code snippet for serving a file via HTTP in PHP
$file = 'path/to/file.txt';
header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="' . basename($file) . '"');
readfile($file);
exit;