What are some common pitfalls when using regular expressions in PHP to search for specific patterns in a string?

One common pitfall when using regular expressions in PHP is not properly escaping special characters within the pattern, which can lead to unexpected results or errors. To solve this issue, use the preg_quote() function to escape special characters before constructing the regular expression pattern.

// Example of properly escaping special characters in a regular expression pattern
$pattern = '/^[\w\s]+$/'; // Match alphanumeric characters and whitespace
$escaped_pattern = preg_quote($pattern, '/');
// Now $escaped_pattern will contain the properly escaped pattern: '/\^\[\w\\s\]\+\$/'