What are some common pitfalls to avoid when using PHP for querying databases?

One common pitfall to avoid when using PHP for querying databases is SQL injection attacks. To prevent this, always use prepared statements with parameterized queries instead of directly inserting user input into SQL queries. Example: 

// Connect to the database
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=mydatabase', 'username', 'password');

// Prepare a statement with a parameterized query
$stmt = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = :username');

// Bind the parameter and execute the query
$stmt->bindParam(':username', $_POST['username']);
$stmt->execute();

// Fetch the results
$results = $stmt->fetchAll();

Keywords

SQL injection PDO prepared statements error handling data validation

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