What are some common mistakes beginners make when outputting URLs as links in PHP?

One common mistake beginners make when outputting URLs as links in PHP is not properly encoding the URLs. This can lead to broken links or security vulnerabilities. To solve this issue, you should use the `urlencode()` function to encode the URLs before outputting them as links.

$url = "https://example.com/page?param=value";
$encodedUrl = urlencode($url);
echo "<a href='$encodedUrl'>Click here</a>";