What are some best practices for handling mathematical calculations in PHP to ensure accuracy and efficiency?

When handling mathematical calculations in PHP, it is important to ensure both accuracy and efficiency. To achieve this, it is recommended to use built-in PHP functions for mathematical operations, avoid floating-point arithmetic for precise calculations, and consider using libraries like BCMath for arbitrary precision arithmetic.

// Example of using built-in PHP functions for mathematical operations
$num1 = 10;
$num2 = 5;

// Addition
$sum = $num1 + $num2;

// Subtraction
$diff = $num1 - $num2;

// Multiplication
$product = $num1 * $num2;

// Division
$quotient = $num1 / $num2;

echo "Sum: " . $sum . "\n";
echo "Difference: " . $diff . "\n";
echo "Product: " . $product . "\n";
echo "Quotient: " . $quotient . "\n";