What are some best practices for avoiding redundant object creation and class instantiation in PHP?

Avoiding redundant object creation and class instantiation in PHP can be achieved by using design patterns like Singleton or Factory Method. By implementing these patterns, you can ensure that only one instance of a class is created and reused throughout the application, reducing unnecessary memory usage and improving performance.

// Singleton pattern example
class Singleton {
    private static $instance;

    private function __construct() {}

    public static function getInstance() {
        if (self::$instance === null) {
            self::$instance = new self();
        }

        return self::$instance;
    }
}

$singletonInstance = Singleton::getInstance();