What are some best practices for structuring news updates and additions in a PHP and database context?

When structuring news updates and additions in a PHP and database context, it is important to separate the logic for retrieving, updating, and adding news articles. This can be achieved by creating separate functions or methods for each operation, ensuring a clear and organized code structure.

// Function to retrieve news articles from the database
function getNewsArticles() {
    // Connect to the database
    $db = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=news_db', 'username', 'password');
    
    // Prepare and execute the SQL query
    $query = $db->query('SELECT * FROM news_articles');
    
    // Fetch and return the results
    return $query->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
}

// Function to update a news article in the database
function updateNewsArticle($id, $title, $content) {
    // Connect to the database
    $db = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=news_db', 'username', 'password');
    
    // Prepare and execute the SQL query
    $query = $db->prepare('UPDATE news_articles SET title = :title, content = :content WHERE id = :id');
    $query->execute(array(':id' => $id, ':title' => $title, ':content' => $content));
}

// Function to add a new news article to the database
function addNewsArticle($title, $content) {
    // Connect to the database
    $db = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=news_db', 'username', 'password');
    
    // Prepare and execute the SQL query
    $query = $db->prepare('INSERT INTO news_articles (title, content) VALUES (:title, :content)');
    $query->execute(array(':title' => $title, ':content' => $content));
}