What are some best practices for handling database connections and queries in PHP scripts to avoid issues post-upgrade?

Issue: When upgrading PHP versions, database connections and queries in PHP scripts may break due to deprecated functions or changes in syntax. To avoid issues post-upgrade, it is best to use PDO (PHP Data Objects) for database connections and prepared statements for queries. PHP Code Snippet: 

// Database connection using PDO
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "dbname";

try {
    $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
    $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
} catch(PDOException $e) {
    echo "Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();
}

// Prepared statement for querying
$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT * FROM table WHERE id = :id");
$stmt->bindParam(':id', $id);
$stmt->execute();
$result = $stmt->fetchAll();

Keywords

PDO MySQLi prepared statements error handling database migration.

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