What are some best practices for implementing inheritance and abstraction in PHP to improve code structure and maintainability?

Issue: To improve code structure and maintainability in PHP, it is recommended to use inheritance and abstraction. Inheritance allows classes to inherit properties and methods from a parent class, while abstraction hides the implementation details of a class, making it easier to work with and maintain. PHP Code Snippet: 

// Parent class with common properties and methods
class Animal {
    protected $name;

    public function __construct($name) {
        $this->name = $name;
    }

    public function eat() {
        echo $this->name . " is eating.";
    }
}

// Child class inheriting from the parent class
class Dog extends Animal {
    public function bark() {
        echo $this->name . " is barking.";
    }
}

// Abstract class with abstract method
abstract class Shape {
    protected $color;

    public function __construct($color) {
        $this->color = $color;
    }

    abstract public function calculateArea();
}

// Concrete class implementing the abstract class
class Circle extends Shape {
    protected $radius;

    public function __construct($color, $radius) {
        parent::__construct($color);
        $this->radius = $radius;
    }

    public function calculateArea() {
        return pi() * pow($this->radius, 2);
    }
}

Keywords

inheritance abstraction PHP code structure maintainability

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