What are some best practices for PHP coding to ensure efficient and secure development?

Issue: One best practice for PHP coding is to always sanitize user input to prevent SQL injection attacks and other security vulnerabilities. This can be done by using prepared statements with parameterized queries when interacting with a database. Code snippet: 

// Establish a database connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

// Prepare a SQL statement with a parameterized query
$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ?");
$stmt->bind_param("s", $username);

// Sanitize user input by binding parameters
$username = $_POST['username'];

// Execute the prepared statement
$stmt->execute();

// Fetch the results
$result = $stmt->get_result();

// Close the statement and connection
$stmt->close();
$conn->close();

Keywords

SQL injection cross-site scripting PDO prepared statements input validation

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