What are some best practices for managing global variables and session data in PHP applications?

Global variables and session data can introduce security risks and make code harder to maintain. To manage global variables, limit their usage to only necessary cases and avoid using them for sensitive data. For session data, use secure session handling techniques to prevent session hijacking and data tampering.

// Limit the usage of global variables
$globalVar = "This is a global variable";

function exampleFunction() {
    global $globalVar;
    echo $globalVar;
}

exampleFunction();

// Secure session handling
session_start();
$_SESSION['user_id'] = 123;