What are common reasons for the "unable to parse_url" error message in PHP?

The "unable to parse_url" error message in PHP typically occurs when the URL provided to the `parse_url()` function is not in a valid format. This can happen if the URL is missing the scheme (e.g., http://) or if it contains special characters that are not properly encoded. To solve this issue, make sure the URL is correctly formatted before passing it to the `parse_url()` function.

$url = 'http://www.example.com/path?query=123';
if (filter_var($url, FILTER_VALIDATE_URL)) {
    $parsed_url = parse_url($url);
    print_r($parsed_url);
} else {
    echo "Invalid URL format";
}