What are common methods for securely storing and retrieving passwords from a SQL database in PHP?

When storing passwords in a SQL database in PHP, it is crucial to securely hash the passwords before saving them to the database. This helps protect user passwords in case of a data breach. One common method for securely storing passwords is to use the PHP password_hash() function to generate a hash of the password and then store this hash in the database. When retrieving passwords, you can use the password_verify() function to compare the user input password with the hashed password stored in the database to authenticate the user. 

// Storing password securely in the database
$password = "user_password";
$hashed_password = password_hash($password, PASSWORD_DEFAULT);

// Insert $hashed_password into the database

// Retrieving and verifying password
$user_input_password = "user_input_password";

// Retrieve hashed password from the database
$stored_hashed_password = "hashed_password_from_database";

// Compare user input password with hashed password
if (password_verify($user_input_password, $stored_hashed_password)) {
    // Passwords match, user is authenticated
    echo "Password is correct";
} else {
    // Passwords do not match
    echo "Password is incorrect";
}

Keywords

password hashing SQL injection prevention password_verify password_hash prepared statements

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