What are common issues with displaying special characters like ü, ö, ä, and ß in PHP?

Common issues with displaying special characters like ü, ö, ä, and ß in PHP often arise from encoding mismatches. To solve this issue, you can set the character encoding of your PHP file to UTF-8 and ensure that your HTML output also specifies UTF-8 encoding. 

<?php
header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8');
echo '<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">';
?>

Keywords

UTF-8 htmlentities htmlspecialchars mb_convert_encoding character encoding

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