What are common issues when using fopen() in PHP for file handling?

Common issues when using fopen() in PHP for file handling include not checking if the file exists before opening it, not handling errors properly, and not closing the file after use. To solve these issues, always check if the file exists using file_exists(), handle errors using functions like die() or trigger_error(), and close the file using fclose() after reading or writing to it.

$filename = 'example.txt';

if (file_exists($filename)) {
    $file = fopen($filename, 'r');
    
    // Read or write to the file
    
    fclose($file);
} else {
    die('File does not exist.');
}